What are the main challenges and opportunities in U.S.-India trade relations that President Trump and Prime Minister Modi need to address?

The primary challenge in U.S.-India trade relations centers around the significant trade deficit favoring India and the asymmetrical tariff structure. President Trump expressed dissatisfaction with India imposing higher tariffs on U.S. goods compared to what the United States charges on Indian imports, creating an uneven playing field for American exporters. However, substantial opportunities exist, particularly in energy exports. Trump sees potential for expanding U.S. oil and gas exports to India, viewing it as a strategic way to reduce the trade deficit while capitalizing on America's energy production capabilities. This represents a shift toward viewing India as a major buyer for U.S. energy products. The leaders' mutual respect and commitment to partnership suggests these trade challenges can be transformed into collaborative opportunities, potentially reshaping the economic relationship between the two nations through strategic reforms and expanded cooperation.