What are the main components of web development and what tools are needed for each?

Web development has two main components: front end and backend development. Front end development focuses on what users see and interact with, using HTML to structure web pages, CSS to style them, and JavaScript to make them dynamic and responsive to user actions. Backend development handles the behind-the-scenes functionality including databases, servers, and logic. For backend, developers can use various languages including JavaScript, Python, Java, PHP, and C. Notably, JavaScript can be used for both front end and backend development, allowing developers to master one language for the full stack, which can lead to better job prospects and higher salaries.