What are the six leadership styles and how do they impact the workforce?

Daniel Goleman identifies six leadership styles, four positive and two negative. The positive styles are: visionary (articulating motivating goals), coaching (helping people develop skills), affiliative (building social capital), and consensus (involving others in decisions). These styles create optimal emotional states for performance. The negative styles are pacesetting (leading by example but being critical) and command-and-control (coercive, sometimes humiliating). Research shows CEOs who effectively use four or more styles achieve stronger growth and profits compared to those relying on negative styles, though command-and-control can be appropriate in genuine emergencies.