Bangladesh-India Relations

Bangladesh-India relations are a complex tapestry woven from historical ties, shared challenges, and evolving political dynamics. Established formally in 1971 after India's significant role in Bangladesh's liberation, the partnership has primarily been marked by both cooperation and persistent tensions. The two countries share not only geographical borders, with the India-Bangladesh border being the fifth-longest in the world, but also deep cultural, linguistic, and economic connections, particularly with India's eastern states. As key players in regional organizations like SAARC and BIMSTEC, the importance of maintaining strong bilateral relations cannot be overstated. Recently, the relationship has entered a "readjustment phase," especially following the political changes in Bangladesh that followed the ouster of Sheikh Hasina in 2024. Current discussions center around trade, border management, and pressing issues like water-sharing agreements for the Ganges and Teesta rivers. While trade agreements, notably the fluctuating trade volume between Bangladesh and India, are critical for both economies, recent barriers, such as Bangladesh's bans on specific Indian imports and transit fees on cargo, have strained economic connectivity. As both nations navigate these complexities amid rising Chinese influence, ongoing dialogue remains essential for overcoming historical grievances and ensuring stability in South Asia. The future of Bangladesh-India relations hinges on their ability to foster collaboration while addressing mutual concerns.