Cameroon Politics

Cameroon politics is characterized by a complex landscape dominated by President Paul Biya, who has been in power since 1982, making Cameroon a unitary presidential republic with an electoral autocracy. The political scene is largely influenced by the long-standing ruling party, the Cameroon People's Democratic Movement (CPDM), which has faced numerous allegations of election manipulation and repression of political opposition. With critical upcoming presidential elections, the political environment is under scrutiny, particularly regarding the legitimacy of the electoral processes and Biya's eligibility to run for re-election. Recent developments highlight the challenges within the political system, including the ongoing crises in the Anglophone regions, where clashes between government forces and separatists have led to significant violence and human rights abuses. The centralization of power under Biya's administration—exemplified by his ability to control the military and influence the judiciary—has further stifled political freedom and limited the efficacy of opposition parties. The Cameroonian parliament, consisting of a 180-member National Assembly and a 100-seat Senate, largely operates under the executive's shadow, complicating the landscape of governance. As the country prepares for its significant 2025 presidential elections, the focus remains on how these dynamics will shape the future of governance and civil rights in Cameroon.